cryptodicyclic see pseudomonocyclic
cryptodont shell MOLL Bivalvia In some groups of early origin, refers to lack of hinge teeth. see ctenodont shell. cryptogastra a. Gr. kryptos, hidden gaster, stomach Having the venter or belly covered or concealed. see gymnogas-tra. cryptogene a. Gr. kryptos, hidden genos, beginning Of unknown descent. cryptogram n. Gr. kryptos, hidden gramma, written character Method that expresses in a standard code form a collection of data used in classification. cryptogyne n. Gr. kryptos, hidden gyne,...
autothysis see sting autotomy
autotilly n. Gr. autos, self tillesthai, to pluck Loss of appendages by self-amputation. see autospasy. autotoky n. Gr. autos, self tokos, birth The production of progeny by a single organism, including hermaphroditism and parthenogenesis. autotomize v.t. Gr. autos, self temnein, to cut To shed a part intentionally to effect autotomy. autotomy n. Gr. autos, self tome, a cutting The act of reflex self-mutilation of a part or appendage of various invertebrates, i.e., annelids, cnidarians,...
allosynapsis see allosyndesis
allosyndesis n. Gr. allos, other syndesis, a binding together In polyploids, pairing of completely or partially homologous chromosomes that were introduced into the zygote by the same gamete at fertilization. see autosyndesis. allotetraploid n. Gr. allos, other tetraploos, fourfold eidos, form A tetraploid produced when a hybrid derived from a genetically different parent doubles its chromosome number amphidiploid. allotherm n. Gr. allos, other therme, heat Any organism dependent on...
biliary vessels see Malpighian tubules
bilineate a. L. bis, two lineatus, of a line Of or pertaining to two lines marked with two lines. bilobate, bilobed a. L. bis, two lobus, rounded projection bilocular a. L. bis, two loculus, compartment Divided into two cells, chambers, compartments or loculi. bimaculate a. L. bis, two macula, spot Marked with two spots or stains. bimarginate a. L. bis, two margo, border Having two margins. bimineralic skeleton BRYO Gymnolaemata Zoarium or zooecium composed of layers of calcite and others of...
cell membrane see plasma membrane
cell organ A differentiated part of a cell that has a special function, such as a centrosome, organoid, or organelle. cells of Semper ARTHRO Insecta The cells of the crystalline eye cone, whose intercellular membranes form a cruciform pattern when the cone is seen in transverse section. cell theory All organisms are composed of cell s a cell is the smallest unit of matter that is alive functional unit proposed by Schwann for animals in 1838-40 cells are the reproductive units of all organisms...
acaryote see akaryote
acaudal, acaudate, ecaudate a. Gr. a, without L. cauda, tail Without a tail. acceleration n. L. acceleratare, to hasten to The speeding up of a development so that a feature appears earlier in the ontogeny of a descendant than in an ancestor. accentuation n. L. ad, to canere, to sing Intensify increase distinctness. accessory a. pl. -ries L. ad, to cedere, move Contributing to the effectiveness of a principal design secondary supplemental. accessory appendages ARTHRO Insecta In Odonata, the...
biocontrol see biological control
biocycle n. Gr. bios, life kyklos, circle Subdivisions of the biosphere land, sea and freshwater. biodegradable a. Gr. bios, life L. de, down gradatus, step by step abilis, tending to be Substances that can be broken down by micro-organisms mainly aerobic bacteria . biodemography n. Gr. bios, life demos, people graphein, to write A science concerned with the statistical study of the ecology and genetics of a given population. bioecology n. Gr. bios, life oikos, house logos, discourse The study...
cordotonal organ see proprioceptor
cordylus n. pl. cordyli Gr. kordyle, swelling CNID Hydrozoa Small clubs composed of large gastrodermal cells covered by a thin epidermis, mounted on sensory cushions between the tentacle bases of certain hydromedusae sense clubs. core n. L. cordis, heart 1. The central part of anything. 2. BRYO Stenolaemata Either laminated or nonlaminated skeletal material, or a combination of both, that form the corema, corematis n. pl. -ata Gr. korema, broom ARTHRO Insecta Paired eversible sacs of the...
cnida cnidae pl see nematocyst
Cnidaria, cnidarian n. Gr. knide, nettle 1. A phylum of primitive eumetazoans, including the hydras, jellyfish, sea anemones and corals, each bearing nematocysts. 2. In some classifications considered a subphylum of Coelenter-ata. 3. Sometimes considered synonymous with Coelenter-ata. cnidoblast, nematoblast, nematocyte n. Gr. knide, nettle blastos, bud CNID A round or ovoid interstitial cell that forms a nematocyst. cnidocil n. Gr. knide, nettle L. cilium, eyelid CNID A small pointed...
corona ciliata see ciliary loop
coronal a. L. corona, crown PORIF Referring to being located on the rim of an oscule. coronal disc ROTIF The ciliary wreath on the anterior part of the head region. coronal suture or branch ARTHRO Insecta A longitudinal suture occurring along the midline of the vertex, between the compound eyes the stem of the Y-shaped epicranial suture the metopic suture. coronal systebm ECHINOD Echinoidea In sea urchins, plates forming the wall of the test. corona radiata NEMATA Secernentea In Strongylida, a...
gonic syngonic
amphigony n. Gr. amphi, on both sides gonos, seed biparental or bisexual reproduction. amphigonus a. amphihaploid n. Gr. amphi, on both sides haploos, simple eidos, form Said of haploid types produced from amphi-diploids. amphikaryon n. Gr. amphi, on both sides karyon, nut The nucleus of the zygote produced in the course of fertilization containing two haploid genomes. see diplokaryon. amphimict n. Gr. amphi, on both sides miktos, mixed Reproduction by amphimixis. amphimixis n. Gr. amphi, on...
calicle see calycle
calicoblastic epithelium CNID Anthozoa A specialized portion of the ectoderm of corals that produces the aragonite skeleton in the true or stony corals. caliology n. Gr. kalia, hut logos, discourse The study of dwellings or natural shelters utilized by animals. callosity n. pl. -ties L. callus, hard skin 1. A state or quality of being callous. 2. MOLL Gastropoda The local thickened part of the callus or inductura of the shell. callous a. L. callus, hard skin Hardened having a callus or...
amphidiploid see allopolyploid allotetraploid
amphidiscs, amphidisks n.pl. Gr. amphi, on both sides diskos, round plate PORIF Hexactinellida Small spicules with hooks at both ends, grapnel shape no six rayed spi-cules. amphigean, amphigaean a. Gr. amphi, on both sides gaia, the earth Pertaining to both the Old and New Worlds. amphigenesis n. Gr. amphi, on both sides genesis, beginning Development induced by the fusion of two unlike gametes amphigony. amphigonic a. Gr. amphi, on both sides gonos, seed Referring to sperm and ova being...
circumpharyngeal commissures connectives ANN Oli
gochaeta The two parts of the nerve collar surrounding the esophagus and linking the ventral nerve cord with the cerebral ganglia. circumscissile a. L. circum, around scindere, to cut Splitting along a circular line, as in hatching. circumsepted a. L. circum, around septum, partition AR-THRO Insecta Pertaining to a wing being encircled by a vein. circumversion n. L. circum, around vertere, to turn AR-THRO Insecta In Diptera, the rotation of the postabdomen during imaginal development....
bicondylic see dicondylic
biconic a. L. bis, two Gr. konos, cone Being formed as two cones placed base to base. biconvex a. L. bis, two convexus, arched outward Being convex on opposite sides lens-shaped. see amphicyrtic, amphicoelous. bicorn a. L. bis, two cornu, horn Bearing two horns cres bicornuate a. L. bis, two cornutus, horned Having two horns or cephalic processes. bicornuate uterus A uterus in which both uteri are fused, but have short lateral extensions. bicuspidate a. L. bis, two cuspidatus, pointed Being...
antepleuron see episternum
antepronotum n. L. ante, before Gr. pro, before notos, back ARTHRO Insecta In Diptera, the anterior division of the pronotum. antepudendum n. L. ante, before pudenda, external genitals, vulva NEMATA Genital tube proceeding anterior from the vulva in monovarial amphidelphic descendants. an-tepudendic a. antepygidial bristle ARTHRO Insecta In Siphonaptera, one or more large bristles on the apical margin of the seventh tergum. anteriad adv. L. ante, before ad, toward Directed toward the anterior...
amphoterotoky see amphitoky
ample a. L. amplus, large Large in size, capacity, volume or scope. amplected a. L. amplexus, embracing ARTHRO Insecta Having the head set into a hollow or recess of the prothorax. amplexiform wing coupling ARTHRO Insecta Lepidopterous wing coupling by virtue of an extensive area of overlap between the fore and hind wing. ampliate a. L. ampliatus, made wider To enlarge to make greater. amplification n. L. amplificare, to enlarge An enlargement or extension expanding a statement or description....
antitegula see antisquama
antithetic generation Alternation of generations in which the alternates are very different in appearance and origin. antitoxin n. Gr. anti, against toxikon, poison Any substance that neutralizes a toxin. antitype n. Gr. anti, against typos, type 1. An opposite type a countertype. 2. A corresponding specimen of a type species, obtained at the same time and location of the type. This definition has no standing in the ICZN. antizoea n. L. anti, against zoe, life ARTHRO Crustacea The first larval...
allotropy see allotropism
allotype n. Gr. allos, other typos, type A paratype of the opposite sex to the holotype. allozygote n. Gr. allos, other zygotos, yoked A homozygote with only recessive characters. alluring coloration ARTHRO Insecta Patterns or colorings adapted by predators that attract other species aggressive mimicry. alluring glands Glandular structures that disperse an odor attractive to the opposite sex sex pheromones. allux n. L. ad, to luxus, dislocated ARTHRO Insecta In Cur-culionidae, the next to the...
Adisc see Aband
adiscota n. Gr. a, without diskos, circular plate ARTHRO Insecta Adult development without forming imaginal discs. see discota. aditus n. pl. aditus, adituses L. aditus, entrance Anatomical passage or opening to a part or structure. adiverticulate a. Gr. a, without L. divertere, to turn away Without diverticula. adjustor n. L. ad, near justus, just 1. Any central nervous organ of an animal that links receptors with effectors. 2. BRACHIO The muscle linking stalk and valve. adjustor neuron A...
biospecies see biological species concept
biospeleology n. Gr. bios, life spelaion, cave logos, discourse The scientific study of cave-dwelling organisms. biosphere n. Gr. bios, life sphaira, ball That portion of the earth that contains living organisms, encompassing the soil, air and water. biostasis n. Gr. bios, life stasis, a standing The ability of organisms to tolerate environmental alterations without being changed themselves. biostatics n.pl. Gr. bios, life statos, stationary The science of the structure of organisms in relation...
anepisternite see mesopleuron
anepisternum n. Gr. ana, up epi, upon sternon, breastbone ARTHRO Insecta The upper division of the epister-num. see infraepisternum. aner n. Gr. aner, male ARTHRO Insecta Male, especially in Formicidae. anestrus, anoestrus n. Gr. an, without oistros, desire A period of sexual inactivity a non-breeding period. aneucentric translocation One that involves the centromere of a chromosome one daughter chromosome is acentric and the other dicentric. aneuploid a. Gr. an, without eu, well aploos,...
bee milk see worker jelly
bees n.pl. A.S. beo, bee ARTHRO Insecta The flower-visiting, social or solitary, aculeate hymenopterous insects belonging to the superfamily Apoidea. beeswax n. A.S. beo, bee weax, wax ARTHRO Insecta A wax secreted by glands on the ventral surface of the abdomen of worker bees that is used in the construction of honeycombs. belemnoid a. Gr. belemnon, javelin eidos, form Dartlike in shape. bell n. A.S. belle, bell 1. Any bell-shaped structure. 2. CNID a. In Hydrozoa, the umbrella of jellyfish....
axillaries see pteralia
axillaris n. L. axillaris, of an axil ARTHRO Insecta The second and third anal wing veins. axillary a. pl. -ies L. axilla, armpit 1. ARTHRO Insecta Pertaining to the axilla. 2. ECHINOD Asteroidea In an axil, applied to a single ossicle. 3. ECHINOD Crinoidea A brachial supporting 2 arm branches. axillary cell ARTHRO Insecta A cell in the anal area of a axillary cord ARTHRO Insecta The posterior edge of the articular membrane of a wing base. axillary excision ARTHRO Insecta In Hymenoptera, a...
allatum hormone see juvenile hormone
Allee's principle The concept of an optimal population level where organisms flourish. allele n. Gr. allelon, one another Genes occupying the same locus in homologous chromosomes, that segregate from each other at the reduction division. see dominant allele, pseudoallele, isoallele, recessive allele, multiple al-lele. allelism n. Gr. allelon, one another The relationship between two characters that are alleles alleomorphism alternative inheritance. allelochemic, allelochemical n. Gr. allelon,...
acrotrophic ovariole see telotrophic ovariole
acrydian a. Gr. akridion, locust, grasshopper ARTHRO In-secta Pertaining to grasshoppers or grasshopper-like. actin n. Gr. actus, move A muscle protein that combines with myosin to form a contractile protein complex, actomyosin the chief constitutent of the I and Z-band myofilaments of each sarcomere. actinal a. Gr. aktis, ray 1. Star-shaped pertaining to that area of a radiate organism from which arms or tentacles radiate. 2. CNID Anthozoa Oral area of sea anemones. actine n. Gr. aktis, ray...
akanth see acanth
akaryote, acaryote n. Gr. a, without karyon, nut 1. Lacking a nucleus. 2. A non-nucleated cell. akinesis, akinesia n. Gr. a, without kinesis, motion Loss or disturbance of motion, as in certain insects, resulting from loss of antennae. ala n. pl. alae L. ala, a wing Any wing-like process or structure a thin, cuticular projection or fin, running longitudinally, usually lateral or sublateral, frequently paired. alabastrine a. Gr. alabastros, alabaster box Pertaining to, or like alabaster smooth...